Vocabulary #1 chapter 11

1.Allele : any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a given locus

2.codominance : Being one of two or more species that are equally dominant in a biotic community

3.continuous variation: A discontinuous variation with several classes, none of which is very small, is known as a polymorphic variation...

4.dihybrid cross : hybridization using two traits with two alleles each

10.Genetics:  of or pertaining to two different alleles that are fully expressed in a heterozygous individual.

11.Heterozygous : having dissimilar pairs of genes for any hereditary characteristic

12.homozygous dominant : means having dominant alleles at the same locus on a chromosome.

13.homozygous recessive : Having recessive alleles at the same locus on a chromosome.

14.hybrid offspring : carries two different alleles of the same gene

15.incomplete dominance : Incomplete dominance is a form of intermediate inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait is not completely dominant over the other allele

16.independent assortment : Independent assortment is the random assortment of chromosomes during the production of gametes, the results are genetically unique individual gametes

17.monohybrid cross : the offspring of individuals that differ with respect to a particular gene pair.

18.multiple allele system : Any of a set of three or more alleles, or alternative states of a gene, only two of which can be present in a diploid organism.

19.Phenotype : is any observable characteristic or trait of an organism: such as its morphology, development.

20.Pleiotropy: occurs when a single gene influences multiple phenotypic traits

21.Punnett-square method : is a diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment

22.Segregation : The separation of allelic differences from one another. Segregation may occur at the first or second division of meiosis, or at the first mitosis after meiosis

23.Testcross : is used to determine if an individual exhibiting a dominant trait is homozygous or heterozygous for that trait

24.true-breeding lineage : is the offspring of a cross between any two true-breading lineages.